生物有机肥在糯米香茶上的应用研究

通过3种生物有机肥和牛粪在糯米香茶上的应用研究，发现3种生物有机肥均能改善农艺性状和感官品质并提高茶叶产量。其中金葵子生物有机肥处理效果稍好；恒丰生物有机肥处理效果居中；沃野诺丰生物有机肥处理效果稍差。     

烘箱加热法测定橡胶树不同器官有机碳含量

用烘箱加热法、油浴法、沸水浴法测定橡胶树不同器官的有机碳含量。烘箱加热法与油浴法的测定结果差异不大，相对偏差为0.05%～1.98%，平均为0.78%，相关系数r为0.904 3，有很强的线性相关性；烘箱加热法与沸水浴法的试验结果相近，相对偏差为0.12%～1.31%，平均为0.88%，相关系数r为0.842 5，达极显著水平。试验结果表明：用烘箱加热法代替常规的油浴法或沸水浴法，具有准确性高，重现性好，快速，结果稳定的优势。此法操作简便，快速，适用于批量样品的分析。     

Phosphorus losses in surface run-off from grazed permanent pastures on a volcanic soil from Chile

Reactive (RP) and organic phosphorus (OP) losses from grazed paddocks were determined on a volcanic soil during 2004 and 2005. Paddocks were grazed by Holstein Friesian steers (3.5 steers ha^?1) and received N (67.5 kg ha^?1) and P fertilizer (30 kg P ha^?1). Total losses ranged between 4 and 15 g P ha^?1 year^?1 and were greatly affected by incidental P losses associated with spring P fertilizer application. Reactive P constituted 90% of the total losses on average. Due to the high water infiltration capacity of the soil, run‐off was <1% of total drainage, therefore, phosphorus losses in run‐off were small.     

活性多肽提取分离方法研究进展

综述了近几年来生物活性多肽物质的分离和提纯方法,主要包括色谱、电泳等方法,以及这些方法在肽类研究中的应用现状。     

蔬菜基于与无机肥配施的有机肥适用量研究

目前有关蔬菜作物有机无机肥的配施比例等有关施肥种类不合理的问题依然存在,为获得蔬菜生产上合理施用有机肥的用量,通过对菜心等叶菜和苦瓜开展田间试验,考察施不同量有机肥对菜心等叶菜和苦瓜产量和品质的影响,获取2类蔬菜的有机肥与无机肥配施时的合适用量,并进行了验证。结果表明:(1)菜心等叶菜有机肥与无机肥配施时,产量较高和品质较优的有机肥合适施用量为每茬50 kg/667 m2,若产量水平特别高的叶菜可适当增加至每茬100 kg/667 m2。(2)苦瓜有机肥与无机肥配施时,产量水平一般的苦瓜使用商品有机肥合适用量约为300 kg/667 m2,产量水平特别高的可增至500 kg/667 m2;若使用农家有机肥的合适用量约为750 kg/667 m2。     

Soluble sugars and carboxylic acids in ripe apricot fruit as parameters for distinguishing different cultivars

Major sugar and carboxylic acid components in apricot flesh fruits were detected and quantified. Fifty-one genotypes including clones growing in France, Spain, Italy, Greece and USA, belonging to the INRA germ plasm collection has been evaluated. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been performed to study correlation among fruit quality measurements and to interpret relationships between genotypes as a tool for germ plasm characterization. A marked variation in malic and citric acid content has been observed and PCA revealed clusters of apricot genotypes for the malic/citric ratio content. A good correlation between sugar component and refractometer index (r = 0.83) has been detected. The wide range of diversity in malic and citric acid content in apricot germ plasm makes it possible to breed and select genotypes with improved flavour on the basis of superior phenotypes. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from manures permitted in organic farming

The current increase in the organic agriculture segment has created a new market for fertilisers permitted for use in organic farming. Off-farm N sources for organic farming are scarce, considering the restriction on the use of chemical fertilisers. Thus, when some products are permitted in organic agriculture, commercial opportunities become available. In this study we compare the performances of Vegethumus (Veg) and Phenix (Phe), two manures that are permitted in organic farming, with several other manures, ammonium nitrate (AN) and control treatments. A 3-year field trial and a pot experiment were carried out in order to estimate dry matter yield, N uptake, and N nutritional status of the crops, as well as soil N availability, the latter was assessed by using anion exchange membranes inserted into the soil. Apparent N recovery (ANR) values in the field trial were 6.3% and 58.2% in Veg and AN plots, respectively, after the application of 380 kg N/ha in the previous five growing seasons. In the pot experiment, the ANR of Veg and Phe, the organic amendments permitted in organic farming, were 5.0% and 13.6%, while Beiraadubo (Bei) and Nutrisoil (Nut) had ANR of 27.2% and 42.0%. The poor results of the amendments permitted in organic farming, in light of their high prices suggest that their use must be carefully considered by farmer in their fertilization strategies.     

Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Caused by Building and Decoration Materials

The importance of indoor air quality and the effect of volatile organic compounds(VOC) on human health are discussed in this paper,TVOC as a measurement for evaluation of VOC and the VOC pollution control methods and technology for indoor air are also presented.     

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting sugars, organic acids and other biochemical properties possibly contributing to flavor, identified in four advanced backcross populations of tomato

Although the Advanced Backcross strategy has proven very useful for QTL detection in tomato, it has been used mainly in identifying QTL for agronomic traits such as yield, color, etc. Tomato flavor is an important quality characteristic, yet it has been difficult to assess flavor or traits that affect it. In this study the AB-QTL strategy was applied to four advanced backcross populations to identify QTL for biochemical properties that may contribute to the flavor of processed tomatoes, such as sugars and organic acids. A total of 222 QTL were identified for 15 traits, including flavor as assessed by a taste panel. Correlations of certain biochemicals with flavor and possible methods of assessing and improving flavor are discussed. In particular, QTL with very significant effects associated with the ratio of sugars/glutamic acid, a trait highly correlated with improved flavor, have been identified as good targets for future work in improving the flavor of tomatoes. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.